NDM Baseline assessment: Learner response

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Criteria to gain high marks from Examiners report: 

-Use of media terminology

-Theorists that back up your points 

-Address the whole questions

-More debate on institutional power vs audience power 

-Higher levels have clear focus on the answer

-Use of a range of case studies to back up point 

 What does the A* essay do well that you need to improve on?

To be able to go back to the questions and to gain the top marks. Also, showing a good critical debate of institutional vs audience and having both sides of points. For me when I get to researching and gaining more information on the case studies, i can use to back up my points well in the exam. To add, being able to critically access the question break it down and show structure is what I lacked but the A* essay did well in. If I am able to structure my work, with detailed examples from case studies and showing a critical understanding of the debate between the two; audience and institutions, I would be able to gain the top marks much like the exemplar essay shown. 

31/48 - C

WWW: An extensive essay that addresses both sides of the debate in some detail. Good examples provided from across NDM

EBI: -Written English is worth keeping an eye on. Paragraph structure- particularly topic sentences. 

        -You are missing specific, detailed examples in places...this would push you towards B+

        -Lack of response to institutional power- the counter to audience power 

        -Lacking media theory

        - Add statistics of case studies 

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DEVELOPED INTRO: Developments in new and digital media has had a great impact in the ways which audiences can have access to a greater variety of views and values to a certain extent. Audiences have been empowered by developments from the traditional forms of the media, and the newer forms of the media such as the internet. Using case studies on the news industry and the film distribution industry it can be assessed whether they offer audiences the freedom to choose and select their own set of beliefs or if they are left with no other option. This essay will highlight some of the key changes that have contributed to the currently evolving digital age and the advantages/disadvantages they may carry. 

DEVELOPMENT: Audiences have been empowered to an extent but there are disadvantages as to how much power audiences have and if news digital media  as been used to empower audiences. Technology has been a huge part developments in the new/digital media in many ways causing it to develop into a platform where different views and values are freely being said and have started to emerge, this allows audiences to empowered by these developments. Large-scale news institutions do have some benefits from the changes of new and digital media. The introduction of the internet can allow news institutions to widen the platforms they are on, making their news more accessible thus giving them the capability to reach a large-scale audiences.Thus, they have more platforms to distribute their products which can be linked to provide a multimedia product line. Majority of apps used today have some sought of news available such as Facebook or Snapchat, this is due to the convergence that is taking place on mobile devices and apps, this gives the news industry a better opportunity to get their news to everyone. There are now new ways found to communicate with their audience. There has been more citizen journalism stories more recently in comparison to the past which could show a witness perspective of the story. 

Some of the downsides for audiences as a result of new and digital media in the news is the lack of censorship and gatekeepers for news online, as the news may be false or biased which is a reason to stick to traditional media institutions. Institutions, due to new and digital media, will face loosing out on money and trying to find different way to make profits. So, for audiences, some of this content that may appear to be free won’t be for much longer, content is costly. Audiences may have to pay for news such as The Sun which has a paywall for their online site, which is another reason to stick to newspapers or TV as its cheaper. 

NDM 4

Apple blocking ads that follow users around web is 'sabotage', says industry- theguardian

• Safari is used by 14.9% of all internet users, according to data from StatCounter.

• “Apple’s Safari move breaks those standards and replaces them with an amorphous set of shifting rules that will hurt the user experience and sabotage the economic model for the internet.”

• Google has also made a move on the adblocking market, testing a built-in adblocker for its Chrome browser, which is used by 54.9% of all internet users according to StatCounter.

In this article it talks about how how Apples new IOS 11  will be changing it up in terms of advertising. This means IOS and another High Seierra will stop following the movements of Safari users on the internet, which will stop the targeted ads at iPhone users. 

Now an open letter has been sent nun said major advertising companies expressing their concerns over his new way that Apple are running: “to rethink its plan to … risk disrupting the valuable digital advertising ecosystem that funds much of today’s digital content and services”.I think particularly, for Apple to do this is good but this will as the companies have stated have a major effect on how they would conduct their advertising.

Targeted advertisements are used all around the internet. Tracaking of users movement around the internet has become a important way for advertising networks and become cruscial on brands. Such things in computer such as cookies, small text files (already placed in the computer) allow sites to pin point who has logged into their site. Because o this adverts can file this information to further mark and gain a full picture of the specific browsing history of their audience and thus get a more accurate picture of what suits them and what would lead to which groups starlet which sites. If they are able to find one specific group looking into one site those specific products or sites for their brands are put in those sites as they know their targeted audience would be on that site. 
I think Apple is doing this with all the talk of hacking around the web to make users feel safer and unmonitored on the internet.  
However by Apple not monitoring what users are accessing on the internet will as said "'hurt user experience " and maybe lead to that breaking on the "internet ecosystems ". Targeted ads allow users to have things catered to their needs, having  all these brands knowing who goes in and out and who like the brand is good for both parties in my opinion.

NDM 3

I asked Tinder for my data. It sent me 800 pages of my deepest, darkest secrets- theguardian

•  July 2017 study showed Tinder users are very  willing to disclose information without realising it.

• 40,000 profile images from the platform in order to build an AI to “genderise” faces. A few months earlier, 70,000 profiles from OkCupid (owned by Tinder’s parent company Match Group) were made public by a Danish researcher some commentators , who used the data to try to establish a link between intelligence and religious beliefs. 

•  “To personalise the experience for each of our users around the world,” “Our matching tools are dynamic and consider various factors when displaying potential matches in order to personalise the experience for each of our users.” - Tinder spokesperson

• “I am horrified but absolutely not surprised by this amount of data,” “Every app you use regularly on your phone owns the same [kinds of information]. Facebook has thousands of pages about you!” - Olivier Keyes, a data scientist at the University of Washington

The article talks about the author of the article who used a tutorial of how to “collect information on users in order to draw insights that may serve the public” and found that their had information of 800 pages curtsy of their Tinder app. The information contained pictures they had liked, Facebook likes, Instagram deleted pictures and searches that they made but also chats they had with those on the site. This brings debates such as privacy but also targeted ads, searches and products for those who use the app all from the 800 pages on information the writer stated about.

However, Tinder's privacy policy states how “you should not expect that your personal information, chats, or other communications will always remain secure” and so Tinder can be seen as been quite honest in what they are advertising. the policy also says that peoples data will be used to give out 'targeted advertisements" also and so people who would find this information would feel like their whole movements as being monitored and as many have had paranoia of government watching us and using information against everyone also. We see form the article that  Consumers’ data is being traded and moved to make for the purpose of advertising to the masses who are using the app. The even has the ability to access what job offers the person has accessed on sites such as LInkedIn, how much you will pay for insuring your car, which ad you will see in the tube and if you can subscribe to a loan. All this information is very troubling when people know of it, that Tinder ads abd also Facebook ads are targetfed to you because of a huge amount of data on each person.

Luke Stark, a digital technology sociologist, states that “Apps such as Tinder are taking advantage of a simple emotional phenomenon; we can’t feel data. This is why seeing everything printed strikes you. We are physical creatures. We need materiality." I find this true as a lot of people would continue to use the app if they didn't know of the pages upon pages of information held of them, but once we see it in News or on social media with one stats, people would become more paranoid about the information held by the sites.

NDM case study: How has news changed?

Ofcom 2016 report on the consumption of news in the UK.

Statistics: 

• 69% of adults use TV as a platform to watch news 
• 19% have used only Tv for news
• Half of the 16-24s demographic say they use TV for news compared to nine in ten of those aged 65+
• 65+ are also more likely to be using newspapers and radio for news than those aged 16-24, while the younger age group are more likely to use the internet (63% for 16-34s vs. 18% for 65+). This would be due to the age difference and what each demographic have grown with or saw start growing.
• Only 6% of say to have use all four platforms of TV, radio, newspapers and the internet.
• Those aged 65+ are more likely than those aged 16-24 to use TV, newspapers and radio for news consumption, while the opposite is true for the internet/ apps. 
• Newspapers are used by 29% of people, not a significant decrease in 2015 where just 31% of people used newspapers to access news, which represents a decrease of nine percentage points since 2014 and 2013 
• Three in ten (31%) respondents use only one platform for news
• in the internet and newspapers C2DEs are seen to consume more than those of ABC1s: TV (69% vs 69%), the internet (61% vs. 36%), newspapers (31% vs. 36%) and radio (38% vs. 29%). 
• 33% of people have said to have gotten their news from the radio and this percentage has stays quite stationary throughout the figure.
• 77% say they use any BBC radio station for news, 26% use each of BBC Radio 4 and BBC Radio 2, while 16% say they use BBC Radio 1 and 10% use Heart.
• The Sun and the Daily Mail are the most-read UK-wide newspapers. 
•  National daily titles have decreased from 9.2 million in 2010 to 6 million in 2016
•  The most-used titles for news are: Daily Mail (26%), The Sun (22%), the Daily Mirror (11%), followed by 9% using each of the Metro, The Times and The Guardian. 
• In 2015 41% said to have used the internet for news but this has nceased in 2106 as it has raised to 48%
• 47% of those who use social media for news say they mostly get news stories through social media posts, compared to 30% in 2015.
• Nearly six in ten (58%) of radio news users only use one radio source for news; 40% of TV news users only use one source; 38% of internet users only use one source and 31% of newspaper news users use only newspapers for news.  

2) What are the most popular platforms for audiences to access news and how has this changed in recent years?

Television is the most-used platform for news, with 69% of UK adults saying they use TV as a source of news. 

However this is continuing to decrease since 2014 when 75% of adults used their TV's to watch news. This is shows a decrease from 2013 when 78% of people were using Television to access news, this is most likely due to the use of apps and the internet to access the news. 

The number of people who use the internet or apps for news has remained the same since 2014, with just over four in ten (41%) doing so, compared to just under a third in 2013 (32%). In 2016 has shown an increase of this data as 78% of people access the news through the internet on any device more, showing a 16% difference from 2013 to 2016 usage of news accessed on devices. 

Those aged 65+ are also more likely to be using newspapers and radio for news than those aged 16-24. 

Newspapers are used by 29% of people, not a significant decrease in 2015 where just 31% of people used newspapers to access news, which represents a decrease of nine percentage points since 2014 and 2013 (when 40% of UK adults said they used newspapers for news). 

3) How do different age demographics access news in the UK?

Those aged 65+ are more likely than those aged 16-24 to use TV, newspapers and radio for news consumption, while the opposite is true for the internet/ apps. 

49% of people aged 16-24 use TV for news, compared to 89% of those aged 65+. Men are more likely than women to use any of the four main platforms for news (TV, internet, newspapers and radio). 

71% of men use TV for news, compared to 68% of women. The same is true for the internet (49% vs. 47%), newspapers (30% vs. 28%) and radio (33% vs. 33%).

6) Does socio-economic status change attitudes to news? If so, how?

Socio-economic status does change attitudes to the news, People in the ABC1 socio-economic group are 'more likely' than those in the C2DE socio-economic group to consume news on any of the four main platforms, however,  in certain cases like in the internet and newspapers C2DEs are seen to consume more than those of ABC1s: TV (69% vs 69%), the internet (61% vs. 36%), newspapers (31% vs. 36%) and radio (38% vs. 29%). 

7) How many different sources of news are used on average? How does differ between different groups?

Of the four main platforms, three in ten (31%) respondents use only one platform for news, with just under two in ten (19%) using only the TV alone, 11% using only the internet, 3% using radio alone, and 2% using only newspapers. The use of TV alone is more pronounced among over-55s (26%) and those in the DE socio-economic group (28%) than among 16-24s (13%) and those in the AB socio-economic group (14%). One in five (20%) people aged 16-24 report that they only use the internet for news, compared to just 2% of those aged 55+.

8) How has news consumption through television changed in recent years?

BARB figures show that each adult watched 110 hours of national and international news on television in 2016. There hasn't been any change of an increase in hours of the consumption of television as it has stayed stationary of 110 hours in both 2015 and 2016. However, there is a slight increase of three hours since 2014 (when the average number of hours was 108) and a large decrease of 12 hours since 2011 (when the average was 121 hours), this maybe due to the increase of access of news through the internet. 

People aged 16-24 each watched just 23 hours of news on television in 2016, compared to large amount of hours spent on news consumption in news in people aged 65+ spending 215 hours,a difference of 192 hours compared to the younger demographic.  Although the BBC channels account for the majority of news viewing for 65+, this group is more likely than younger viewers to not consume news on ITV ( 11.9% vs. 17.8%

for those aged 16-24). Total hours of viewing of news among 16-24 year olds has decreased each year(by ten hours since 2010). 

In the same period, viewing hours have fluctuated for over-65s, with an overall decrease of five hours between 2010 and 2014, while a the slightest decrease on e hour in 2015 and 2016.

9) How much has newspaper circulation declined since 2010? 

News consumption through newspapers has declined by more than 27 percentage points since 2010. Due to the increase 

10) Which are the most popular newspapers and websites in the UK? What do you know about those newspapers' political viewpoints?

The Daily Mail is the most widely-read news title in the UK, with around 5.5 million users. The Sun follows with 5.2 million users, compared to 5.8 million. Looking at readership levels of print-only newspapers, The Sun was the most popular (with just under 5.2 million users vs. 3.5 million for the Daily Mail). The most used titles were: The Sun (22%), the Daily Mail (26%), the Daily Mirror (11%), the Metro (9%) and The Times (9%).The political viewpoints of all these newspapers are mostly left wing.

10) How does online news consumption differ for age, gender and socio-economic status?

Four in ten (41%) UK adults say they use the internet for news. Six in ten (59%) UK adults aged 16-24 say they use the internet or apps for news, compared to just under a quarter (23%) of those aged 55+

Over half (53%) of those in the ABC1 socio-economic group use online sources for news, compared to a third (32%) of those in the C2DE socio-economic group.

 Men are more likely than women to say they use internet for news (45% vs. 37%).

11) What percentage of people use social media to access news? How does this differ by age and socio-economic status?

In terms of age, consumption of news online through any device is considerably higher for those aged 16-24 (48%) than for over-65s (18%). In terms of gender, men are most likely to consume news online, (49% vs. 47%), and in terms of socio-economic status people in the AB socio-economic group are more likely than those in the DE socio-economic group to consume news online (61% vs. 29%)

12) What percentage of users only use social media sites for their news?

26% of people above 16+ use social media sites for the news, while 26%  of people above 16+ get their news from websites and new sites, which leaves 25% getting news equally from both and 2% not knowing. I think this particularly says a lot about the problem of people being able to altercate stories, if not from a reliable source then many stories may be false. The anonymous of the internet is a problem of allowing people to speard their ideologies whether good or bad onto the internet.  

13) What are the most popular online sites for news?

Over half (56%) of online news users said they used the BBC website or app. Facebook was the second most popular response, up by 27%. This was followed by the Sky News website or app (15%) and the Google search engine (15%).

14) What percentage of 16-24 year olds access news mostly from social media?

About 40% of people aged 16-24  access news on social media which is a drastic change from the age of 65+ year olds which come at 3%. I think this would be due to older people growing up where they consumed news through newspaper, news etc. and so with this new digital media growing ahead of more traditional media, it can be hard to adapt to it.  

15) How do audiences find stories online? Do you follow links or go to the homepage of the news provider?

According to the research most audiences use an app to go direct to the home page of a news provider.  74% of those who used social media for news said they accessed their news stories through social media posts, compared to 85% who said they accessed them directly from the websites/apps of news organisations. A further 25% said they accessed them equally on social media posts and on news organisations’ websites or apps.

New/digital media: audience and institution

16) What are the benefits for audiences from the changes new and digital media have had on the news industry?

Now that there is new and digital media for audiences to get updated on the News, would help them with key updates since they would have notifications to keep them ready for new stories. As well as that social media can be translated so therefore people can understand stories so that they could understand different viewpoints.

The audience can now access news more easily as it is everywhere, from mobiles to tablets and also 24 hours on TV. Also, apps such as Facebook allow tailor-made news to be readily available for audiences, so each user can access the sort of news they prefer to read.

17) What are the benefits for institutions from the changes new and digital media have had on the news industry?

 Large-scale news institutions do have some benefits from the changes of new and digital media. The introduction of the internet can allow news institutions to widen the platforms they are on, making their news more accessible thus giving them the capability to reach a large-scale audiences.Thus, they have more platforms to distribute their products which can be linked to provide a multimedia product line. Majority of apps used today have some sought of news available such as Facebook or Snapchat, this is due to the convergence that is taking place on mobile devices and apps, this gives the news industry a better opportunity to get their news to everyone. There are now new ways found to communicate with their audience. There has been more citizen journalism stories more recently in comparison to the past which could show a witness perspective of the story. 

18) What are the downsides for audiences as a result of new and digital media in news?

 Some of the downsides for audiences as a result of new and digital media in the news is the lack of censorship and gatekeepers for news online, as the news may be false or biased which is a reason to stick to traditional media institutions. Institutions, due to new and digital media, will face loosing out on money and trying to find different way to make profits. So, for audiences, some of this content that may appear to be free won’t be for much longer, content is costly. Audiences may have to pay for news such as The Sun which has a paywall for their online site, which is another reason to stick to newspapers or TV as its cheaper. 

19) What are the downsides for institutions as a result of new and digital media in news?

Some of the downsides for institutions as a result of new and digital media in news is the loss of revenue from advertising for example. The loss of revenue has meant many newspapers have had to close down or either sell their newspapers for free. Also, traditional forms of accessing news such as through TV and Radio had to adapt to make sure they are compatible with phones and the internet, which the majority of audiences are now on. This is not always cost-effective Also, a problem for producers is how to generate serious money out of digital content. Because of copyright issues, and the sheer cost of running and supporting online content, new media is expensive. 

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20) Who has benefited most from the changes new and digital media have had on the news industry - audiences or institutions?

 I personally believe that audiences have benefited from the changes in new and digital media and the news industry. Due to changes in new and digital media, audiences are not only able to just view the latest news, but they're able to form an opinion on certain topics and put these views out for other people to see. 

 The fact that news can also be now tailor-suited is a positive for the audience. Additionally, this allows people from around the world to debate and argue back their viewpoints. Furthermore, if there were no audiences that took granted of these new changes, institutions wouldn't benefit at all.it does mean losses in terms of revenue.

However, this does not initially mean Institutions do not benefit.Institutions have benefited from the changes of new and digital media, as they can gather content from recorded footage that can present the story in a new perspective. As well as that institutions can also interact with its audience as it would help them create content for their audience. As well as that they can also share their content making it more easier for the audience to view their reports easier.

Overall, these changes in new and digital media have just made it easier/more efficient for audiences to access news and be constantly updated with what's going on. Therefore, I believe that even though institutions have benefited from these changes, audiences have benefited more so, as these changes have made staying updated with the news more efficient and quick as they are no longer waiting for newspapers to come out, or they don't need to pay for anything as everything is online and free.  

NDM: The changing face of news media

: News institutions research

Major players in terms of UK news providers

BBC

Broadcast - BBC news, BBC1, BBC2,BBC 4 (TV news has to be politically neutral) CBBC, Cebeebies 

E-media - BBC News online, BBC iPlayer, BBC radio news

News Corporation 

Radio - Fox Film Music Group, Fox News Radio, Wireless Group Plc

Print - The Times(paywall) The Sun (conservative supporter), The Sunday Times

Channel 4

Broadcast -  Chanel 4 +, E4, Soap Operas, Channel 4 news, Good Morning Britain 

E-media - On-demand, Catch-up, All 4

ITN

Broadcast - Channel 4 News, Channel 5, Channel 4, ITV

E-media -  ITN has expanded its video news service providing news, sport and showbiz content to a wide range of broadcasters, newspapers and websites. Daily Mail, Daily Express, Daily Star, Daily Telegraph, The Guardian and The Independent.

The impact of Google

Read this article looking at the impact Google has had on the traditional newspaper business.

1) Why has Google led to the decline of the newspaper industry?

Google have been able to gain revenue through in advertisements in the past decades. They have been able to cater to thise who want their advertisements seen such as another site called Craigslist. In the past people would look to newspapers for advertisements, but now the traditional print industries is becoming a dying media and people are looking into more digital media, newspapers are finding it hard to compete with sites such as Google. 

2) Find a statistic from the article that illustrates the decline of traditional news media.



The data from the chart can suggest that from 2000, online newspaper advertisement has raised up $40 billion in revenue which would have been the same amount Print publication would make at the start of 2000. Print which has lost up to $60 billion.

3) Looking at the graph featured in the article, what period has seen the steepest decline in newspaper advertising revenue? 

Between 2000 and 2010 there is a steep decline in the revenue of newspaper advertising, while online advertisement had an incline from 2000 to maybe 2004/5, but also itself faced decline to 2010 but still has gained more revenue than the Print advertisements.

4) Do you personally think Google is to blame for newspapers closing and journalists losing their jobs? Why?

Print publications have lost $60 billion+ in 'potential' ad sales, whilst, Google has gained $40 billion of what the Print industry would have gained in 2000. It really shows Google do make quite a lot of money in their ads. Also, particularly, the article points out how Google can't be to blame as they just made a new way, " a new form of algorithm-driven advertising" and it served as a new way fro those to publish and share their advertisements, which they found served all their needs. Personally I do not think that google is to blame for newspapers closing and journalists losing their job as Personally, I do not believe Google is entirely to blame for newspapers closing and journalists losing their jobs as the world has encountered many changes since entering the digital age. Advertising for example has a growing presence online as many people read newspapers online more than they do with print newspapers.

5) Read the comments below the article. Pick one comment you agree with and one you disagree with and explain your response to the comments in detail.

Joseph CampbellJanuary 3rd, 2014

The irony is that Google is probably more of a savior than a killer of journalism and editorial content. How many thousands of blogs, fan sites, writers, startup outlets, etc., have been discovered by Google’s search algorithms? How many talented artists and great stories have found a launching pad on YouTube and other Google outlets? How much content has been spread into new languages due to Google translate?

Google has forced journalistic outlets to innovate and search for new ways of doing things. It has made information dissemination more efficient. While at times that has been bad for the average journalist trying to make a buck, from a big picture perspective, it has been good for helping people get access to information, and that includes journalism.

I particularly agree with this comment due to it pointing out the positive of Google's ability to be able to give out vast information and how it has helped people to starts up blogs, outlets and for writers. Also, stating that journalism has found new ways of being "innovative" is corrects , as we have to know as the way we get information changes and grows the people who used the traditional media have to grow with that new media itself and be used to their advantage.  Google has forced these outlets to become more creative and innovative which is necessarily not a bad thing. Google as a whole has allowed journalism online to flourish and made accessing information and news more easy. 

alan pearlsteinJanuary 3rd, 2014

The vast majority of Google’s revenue comes from searches with commercial intent I.e. “cheapest coffeemaker” or “Miami hotels”. They dont earn very much from news related searches like “benghazi interviews”. I would argue they make their money on the backs of commercial enterprise, not journalists. Sergey and Larry owe the news industry nothing.

In this comment, I can see this as not seeing the statistics, in terms of revenue, Google gain in these ads. Print publications have lost $60 billion+ in 'potential' ad sales, whilst, Google has gained $40 billion of what the Print industry would have gained in 2000. It really shows Google do make quite a lot of money in their ads. I think Google has but a dent into the print industry with the way their information of news, journalism is accessible but it would be hard for a traditional medium if print going nowhere but down. There are that small percentage of people would use newspaper for news but knowing the larger audience would use the internet, apps or websites. "many people who might normally have paid money to place a classified ad in a newspaper have chosen instead to post one for free on Craigslist. " this quote, highlights, how people are gomg with the best options for their ads, while a few years ago putting ads in newspapers had the ability get gain but now putting it on the internet is better. As technology grows the traditional media will soon be gone and find better ways to use the technology to the advantage such as accessing News is now online, so it cant be Googles fault if the new thing is digital.

NDM 2

Ban Social media trolls from voting, election watchdog suggest- The Guardian

The article talk about the issues of hate speech and abuse directed to political figures(MPs) and groups. The electoral commission brought up the idea of finding these internet 'trolls' and use the evidence of their hate speech to ban them from things such as voting. One MP in the article had said to have someone threaten to bomb their office, and another MP claimed to have had a “bottle smashed on me”

• In 2017 general elections it has been found that 87% of MPs have been targeted with abuse online

• 51% of MPs responding to Radio 5 Live have said that it was the worst time for them in terms of abuse and hate on the internet.

• “In some instances electoral law does specify offences in respect of behaviour that could also amount to an offence under the general, criminal law. It may be that similar special electoral consequences could act as a deterrent to abusive behaviour in relation to candidates and campaigners,” it states.

I understand why there has been an increase in hate crimes as I have come across several articles that portray refugees for example in a very negative matter, and I believe that this contributes to the other factors that do fuel hate crimes. Also, on the news recently the labour MP Diane Abbott has said to have had sexist and racist remarks directed to her and on the morning show This Morning had said to have had words such as 'N***** B****' directed towards her which sparked outrage of her use of the word. However, I think people should of been more  concerned of the blatant racism and sexism she faces rather than the use of the n-word on live TV. 

NDM 1

TV broadcasters 'failing to represent society' says Ofcom report- BBC NEWS

This article discusses the lack of representation of people of colour/ ethnic backgrounds, females and disabled people in their staff. This meant that a lot of what is shown on the large T.V broadcasters have an under-representations. Ofcom's Sharon White says big industries ,such as BBC, ITV, Channel 4, Sky and Channel 5 can be improved and that is is shocking and this under-representation will put concern on other industries. White said that the report "paints a worrying picture, with many broadcasters failing properly to monitor the make-up of their employees" and shows a "cultural disconnection between the people who make programmes, and the many millions who watch them". 

• 48% of women make up the whole workforce across the five big TV broadcasters, which compares 51% of the population and 39% of senior roles

• Lack of representation of POC, with only 12% of workers

• Even though Disabled people made up for 14% and 18% of the general public, only made up 3% 

• Workers of 50 are mostly 50% men than women

• In the BBC the top stars, predominately male, were earning more that £150,000

• The most paid  stars of BBC were Chris Evans who has a salary of £2.2m and £2.25m from 2016/2017, while the top female presenter Claudia Winkleman is earning from £450,000 and £500,000.

• By 2020 the BBC would want to reach up to  50% women, 8% disabled people, 8% lesbian, gay, bisexual or transgender people and 15% people from black, Asian and ethnic minority backgrounds.

I can understand that there is a lack or representations as it is a big debate in many media platforms. The recognition of POC in their respected fields is less than their white counterparts and the inclusivity of certain fashion brands or movie casting is a problem which have risen in many written articles. A certain big social topic would be the hasthtag #OscarsSoWhite which was trending and was in responses to the award show Oscars for the lack of recognising the works of actors, directors etc. of colour and was also used to bring to light a lot of works of actors of colour that people on social media wanted to be noticed by Hollywood.